To effectively influence the persistent health challenges facing our communities, we need to focus on the root causes of illness and poor health. These root causes, often referred to as "upstream" factors, include the social, economic, and environmental conditions that significantly shape people's health. As you may have noticed, these are non-health factors that affect people's health. Taking an upstream approach means not only treating symptoms but also addressing the structural and systemic barriers that contribute to poor health outcomes.
What is an upstream approach?
The upstream approach is about identifying and addressing the broader social determinants of health (SDoH) - those factors beyond individual behaviors that influence health and well-being. Various health professionals focus on removing barriers and improving systems that lead to negative health outcomes. These health professionals include but are not limited to, public health experts, medical social workers, therapists, nurses, and physicians. This strategy involves creating an open dialogue with community members and forming partnerships to develop solutions that target the root causes of poor health.
The impact of health disparities
The significance of health disparities spans across the globe, from Australasia to Africa, to America. For example, specific populations - such as communities of color, immigrants, children, and the elderly - often disproportionately get affected by limited access to healthcare and worse health outcomes. In certain territories, countries, and regions, these health challenges have persisted for generations, creating a cycle of inequity that can only be broken by addressing the upstream factors (SDoH) at play.
Collaborative solutions for transformative change
Addressing upstream SDoH requires collaboration across different sectors, with each player taking on specific responsibilities to create long-term change. This multi-sector approach is essential for reducing health disparities and improving overall community health and well-being. The commitment to addressing these foundational issues is crucial for achieving meaningful and lasting improvements in public health.
By working together to address the systemic causes of poor health, communities can create a healthier future where everyone has an equal opportunity to thrive.
Figure adapted from de Beaumont Foundation and Trust for America's Health. (January 2019) "Social Determinants and Social Needs: Moving Beyond Midstream.” Web link: https://www.healthyhighpoint.org/our-focus/our-upstream-approach/
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